Hp NonStop G-Series Manual de usuario Pagina 7
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Changing Your Current Directory.......................................................................................114
Using Relative Pathname Notation......................................................................................115
Displaying Directories (ls -F)...................................................................................................116
Copying Directories (cp)........................................................................................................117
Renaming Directories (mv)......................................................................................................117
Removing Directories (rmdir)...................................................................................................118
Removing Empty Directories..............................................................................................118
Removing Multiple Directories............................................................................................119
Removing Your Current Directory .......................................................................................119
Removing Files and Directories Simultaneously (rm -r) ...........................................................119
10 Managing Access to Files and Directories................................................121
Protecting Files and Directories...............................................................................................121
Understanding Permissions.....................................................................................................121
Default Permissions...........................................................................................................123
Displaying File and Directory Permissions (ls)............................................................................123
Setting File and Directory Permissions (chmod)..........................................................................124
Specifying Permissions With Letters and Operation Symbols..................................................124
Changing File Permissions ...........................................................................................125
Changing Directory Permissions ...................................................................................126
Using Pattern-Matching Characters ...............................................................................126
Setting Absolute Permissions ........................................................................................126
Specifying Permissions With Octal Numbers........................................................................127
Setting the User Mask...........................................................................................................128
Changing Owners and Groups..............................................................................................130
Security Auditing of OSS Files................................................................................................131
How to Identify an Audited File in Audit Records..................................................................131
What Operations and Objects Are Audited.........................................................................131
Considerations for File Auditing.........................................................................................133
Recursive Behavior and the /G and /E Directories....................................................................133
Additional Security Considerations..........................................................................................134
11 Managing Processes..............................................................................135
Understanding Programs and Processes...................................................................................135
Understanding Standard Input, Output, and Error Messages.......................................................135
Redirecting Input and Output.............................................................................................135
Reading Input From a File—The < Symbol .....................................................................136
Writing Output to a File—The > and >> Symbols ...........................................................136
Redirecting Standard Error Messages to a File.....................................................................137
Redirecting Both Standard Error Messages and Standard Output............................................137
Running Several Processes Simultaneously................................................................................138
Running Foreground Processes ..........................................................................................138
Running Background Processes..........................................................................................138
Monitoring and Canceling Processes.......................................................................................139
Checking Process Status....................................................................................................139
The ps Command........................................................................................................139
The jobs Command ....................................................................................................141
Canceling a Foreground Process (Ctrl-c)..............................................................................141
Canceling a Background Process (kill)................................................................................141
Displaying Information About Users and Their Processes............................................................142
Scheduling Jobs...................................................................................................................143
Job Scheduling Using the at Command...............................................................................143
Displaying a List of Scheduled Jobs (at -l)............................................................................144
Canceling a Scheduled Job (at -r)......................................................................................144
Job Scheduling Using the batch Command..........................................................................145
Job Scheduling Using the crontab Command.......................................................................145
Contents 7
- Abstract 1
- Contents 3
- 4 Contents 4
- Contents 5 5
- 6 Contents 6
- Contents 7 7
- 8 Contents 8
- Contents 9 9
- Examples 10
- About This Document 11
- Acknowledgment 12
- Document Organization 13
- Notation Conventions 14
- Notation Conventions 15 15
- Notation for Messages 16
- Related Information 17
- HP Encourages Your Comments 19
- Publishing History 19
- OSS Components 21
- OSS and UNIX 22
- Interoperability 23
- Application Development 23
- OSS Environment 24
- OSS Device Support 24
- OSS Processes 24
- 2 The OSS File System 26
- The OSS File-System Structure 27
- OSS Pathnames 28
- Relative Pathnames 29
- Pathname Length 29
- OSS Filesets 30
- 3 The OSS Shell 31
- Metacharacters 32
- Shell Built-In Commands 33
- /bin/command_name 34
- Command-Entry Aids 35
- Using Pipes and Filters 36
- Grouping Commands 37
- Filename Completion 38
- Aliases 39 39
- Command History 40
- Command-Line Editing 41
- 42 The OSS Shell 42
- The Shell Environment 43
- Environment Variables 45
- Setting Environment Variables 46
- Environment Variables 47 47
- Example .profile File 48
- How the Shell Finds Commands 50
- Shell Procedures 51
- 4 OSS Commands and Utilities 53
- The man Command 54
- The whatis Command 54
- The apropos Command 54
- Command Syntax 55
- Archiving 61
- Displaying Files 61
- Files and Directories 61
- Printing and Formatting 63
- Process Management 63
- Remote Access 64
- Security and Permissions 64
- File Formatting Commands 67
- Two Different File Systems 68
- The /G Directory 69
- The /E Directory 69
- Guardian File Types 70
- Pathname Mapping 72
- Editing Files 74
- Printing and Spooler Commands 75
- Guardian DEFINEs 77
- 6 Running the OSS Shell 85
- The osh Command 86
- Exiting OSS 87
- Managing the OSS Environment 88
- Disk Volume Management 89
- Security 89
- 7 Creating Files 90
- Working With Files 91 91
- 92 Creating Files 92
- 8 Managing Files 93
- The more Command 96
- The cat Command 96
- Printing Files 98
- Copying Files (cp) 100
- Copying Files (cp) 101 101
- Copying an Entire Directory 102
- Renaming Files 103
- Comparing Files (diff) 104
- Sorting File Contents (sort) 105
- Removing Files (rm) 106
- Removing a Single File 107
- Removing Multiple Files 107
- Linking Files (ln) 108
- Using Links 109
- Removing Links 110
- Determining File Type (file) 111
- 112 Managing Files 112
- 9 Managing Directories 113
- Changing Directories (cd) 114
- 116 Managing Directories 116
- Copying Directories (cp) 117
- Renaming Directories (mv) 117
- Removing Directories (rmdir) 118
- Removing Multiple Directories 119
- 120 Managing Directories 120
- Understanding Permissions 121
- Default Permissions 123
- Changing File Permissions 125
- Setting Absolute Permissions 126
- $ chmod a=rw file3 127
- $ ls -l file3 127
- Setting the User Mask 128
- $ umask 037 129
- Changing Owners and Groups 130
- • Safeguard User’s Guide 134
- • Security Management Guide 134
- 11 Managing Processes 135
- Running Foreground Processes 138
- Running Background Processes 138
- Checking Process Status 139
- 140 Managing Processes 140
- The jobs Command 141
- 142 Managing Processes 142
- Scheduling Jobs 143
- 144 Managing Processes 144
- Scheduling Jobs 145 145
- 146 Managing Processes 146
- Using the -i Flag 148
- Finding Files (find) 149
- The pax Utility 151
- $ mkdir newdir 152
- $ pax -rw olddir newdir 152
- $ pax -wv -f /G/tape -b 10b 152
- The ftp Utility 153
- A The vi Editor 155
- 156 The vi Editor 156
- Create a Sample Edit File 157
- Opening a File 157
- Moving Within the File 158
- Entering New Text 158
- Editing Text 159
- Using Advanced Techniques 160
- Searching for Strings 161
- Moving Text 161
- Copying Text 161
- Other vi Features 162
- Making Substitutions 162
- Deleting a Block of Text 164
- Customizing Your Environment 164
- Saving Your Customizations 164
- B The ed Editor 166
- Saving Part of a File 168
- Using the ed (Edit) Command 169
- Using the e (Edit) Subcommand 169
- Using the r (Read) Subcommand 169
- 170 The ed Editor 170
- Finding Text 172
- Removing Characters 174
- Using a Context Search 175
- Deleting the Current Line 176
- Deleting a Specific Line 176
- Deleting Multiple Lines 176
- Changing a Single Line 177
- Changing Multiple Lines 178
- Using Line Numbers 178
- Using System Commands from ed 180
- Ending the ed Program 180
- Finding Product Files 181
- Running vproc 181
- Interpreting vproc Output 182
- Recovery 184
- No action is required 184
- Glossary 191
- 192 Glossary 192
- 194 Glossary 194
- 196 Glossary 196
- 198 Glossary 198
- 200 Glossary 200
- 202 Glossary 202
- 204 Glossary 204
- 206 Index 206
- 208 Index 208
- 210 Index 210
- 212 Index 212
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